Category How to

How to Make Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS)

Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS)

What is Phosphate Buffered Saline? Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) is a special saltwater solution used in science labs. It is a buffered solution, which means it can keep its pH (acidity) steady. The pH of PBS is about 7.4, similar…

How to Dissolve Chitosan: Methods and Tips

How to Dissolve Chitosan: Methods and Tips

Chitosan is a versatile biopolymer sourced primarily from crustacean shells or fungal sources. It is used in many areas, such as gardening, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and treating water. Chitosan is useful, but the fact that it doesn’t dissolve in water can…